[et_pb_section fb_built=“1″ _builder_version=“4.21.0″ global_colors_info=“{}“ theme_builder_area=“post_content“][et_pb_row _builder_version=“4.21.0″ background_size=“initial“ background_position=“top_left“ background_repeat=“repeat“ global_colors_info=“{}“ theme_builder_area=“post_content“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″ _builder_version=“4.16″ custom_padding=“|||“ global_colors_info=“{}“ custom_padding__hover=“|||“ theme_builder_area=“post_content“][et_pb_video src=“https:\/\/youtu.be\/e20z5T0i6H0″ _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“7b00f49c-0330-4b47-baa3-723e1523068f“ hover_enabled=“0″ global_colors_info=“{}“ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ sticky_enabled=“0″][\/et_pb_video][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ hover_enabled=“0″ global_colors_info=“{}“ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n
Dnes bych v\u00e1m r\u00e1da p\u0159edstavila sv\u00e9ho hosta \u2013 prof. Janu Kukutschovou z V\u0160B \u2013 Technick\u00e9 univerzity Ostrava<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 p\u016fsob\u00ed na Kated\u0159e materi\u00e1lov\u011b-technologick\u00e9. Ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci se dlouhodob\u011b v\u011bnuje chemii \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, nanotechnologi\u00edm a hodnocen\u00ed jejich dopad\u016f na zdrav\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka i \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ hover_enabled=“0″ global_colors_info=“{}“ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Na \u00favod bych poprosila o kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. Co jsou vlastn\u011b nanotechnologie, nanomateri\u00e1ly, nano\u010d\u00e1stice nebo nanoroboti?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ hover_enabled=“0″ global_colors_info=“{}“ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Velmi stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno jsou nanotechnologie technick\u00fdm oborem, kter\u00fd propojuje poznatky z v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd \u2013 fyziky, chemie i biologie. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 maj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd p\u0159esah do medic\u00edny a biomedic\u00edny.<\/p>\n Nanotechnologie maj\u00ed mnoho podob. Mohou zahrnovat manipulaci s hmotou v nanom\u011b\u0159\u00edtku, p\u0159\u00edpravu nanomateri\u00e1l\u016f, jejich charakterizaci, testov\u00e1n\u00ed pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 aplikace nebo studium r\u016fzn\u00fdch nanostruktur.<\/p>\n P\u0159edpona nano poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u0159e\u010dtiny a znamen\u00e1 \u201etrpasl\u00edk\u201c. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nanometr\u016f ozna\u010duje jednu miliardtinu metru, tedy 10\u207b\u2079 metru.<\/p>\n V nanotechnologi\u00edch se nej\u010dast\u011bji pohybujeme v rozmez\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od jednoho do sta nanometr\u016f.<\/p>\n Je ale d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dodat, \u017ee tato hranice nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b ostr\u00e1. I definice nanomateri\u00e1lu pracuje s t\u00edm, \u017ee alespo\u0148 jeden rozm\u011br objektu b\u00fdv\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 100 nanometr\u016f. V praxi v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt i o \u010d\u00e1stice o velikosti 110, 120 nebo t\u0159eba 200 nanometr\u016f. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed toti\u017e nen\u00ed pouze velikost, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm to, \u017ee se jejich vlastnosti v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od vlastnost\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad mikrometrick\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Jedn\u00edm z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f je oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd. V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 podob\u011b je b\u00edl\u00fd, ale v nanoform\u011b je pr\u016fhledn\u00fd, a proto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad v opalovac\u00edch kr\u00e9mech. Existuj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v nanoform\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 vlastnosti?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Ano. Kr\u00e1sn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou nano\u010d\u00e1stice zlata.<\/p>\n Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 sledovat suspenze nano\u010d\u00e1stic zlata, proto\u017ee jejich barva se m\u011bn\u00ed podle velikosti \u010d\u00e1stic. Pokud maj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice velikost v \u0159\u00e1du des\u00edtek nanometr\u016f, suspenze je \u010derven\u00e1. S rostouc\u00ed velikost\u00ed p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159es fialovou a modrou a\u017e k dal\u0161\u00edm odst\u00edn\u016fm. Pokud maj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice jin\u00fd tvar, tedy jinou morfologii, mohou b\u00fdt dokonce zelen\u00e9 nebo m\u00edt dal\u0161\u00ed barvy.<\/p>\n Je to zp\u016fsobeno difrakc\u00ed sv\u011btla. N\u011bkter\u00e9 slo\u017eky viditeln\u00e9ho sv\u011btla se odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed jinak ne\u017e u v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stic, a pr\u00e1v\u011b proto vn\u00edm\u00e1me rozd\u00edln\u00e9 zbarven\u00ed.<\/p>\n Samotn\u00e9 nano\u010d\u00e1stice pouh\u00fdm okem nevid\u00edme. To je jedno z \u00faskal\u00ed pr\u00e1ce v nanotechnologi\u00edch. Vid\u00edme ale projevy jejich odli\u0161n\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u011bny barvy zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 difrakc\u00ed sv\u011btla.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Kde se s t\u011bmito vlastnostmi setk\u00e1v\u00e1te ve sv\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f jsou environment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdy.<\/p>\n \u010c\u00e1stice men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jeden mikrometr u\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nepodl\u00e9haj\u00ed gravita\u010dn\u00edmu p\u016fsoben\u00ed. Pokud jsou rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9 v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, neusazuj\u00ed se, ale mohou b\u00fdt transportov\u00e1ny na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti.<\/p>\n To z\u00e1rove\u0148 znamen\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee je \u010dlov\u011bk vdechne.<\/p>\n Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto se dnes intenzivn\u011b zkoum\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad vznik t\u011bchto \u010d\u00e1stic p\u0159i doprav\u011b nebo p\u0159i pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m 3D tisku z kov\u016f, kter\u00e9mu se tak\u00e9 v\u011bnujeme.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n To je skv\u011bl\u00fd p\u0159echod k dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zce. Na \u010dem konkr\u00e9tn\u011b dnes na V\u0160B v oblasti nanotechnologi\u00ed pracujete?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n To je skv\u011bl\u00fd p\u0159echod k dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zce. Na \u010dem konkr\u00e9tn\u011b dnes na V\u0160B v oblasti nanotechnologi\u00ed pracujete?<\/p>\n Je velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 vybrat jen n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f, proto\u017ee v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch t\u00e9mat je opravdu mnoho.<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e u\u017e jsme zm\u00ednily oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd, jedn\u00edm z aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch sm\u011br\u016f je hled\u00e1n\u00ed jeho bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1hrady. Dnes u\u017e toti\u017e v\u00edme, \u017ee zejm\u00e9na expozice oxidu titani\u010dit\u00e9ho v nanoform\u011b m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat ur\u010dit\u00e1 rizika.<\/p>\n Jako velmi slibn\u00fd materi\u00e1l se ukazuje grafitick\u00fd nitrid uhl\u00edku<\/strong>, n\u011bkdy ozna\u010dovan\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako karbonitrid<\/strong>.<\/p>\n M\u00e1 podobn\u00e9 fotokatalytick\u00e9 vlastnosti jako oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd, ale na rozd\u00edl od n\u011bj nepot\u0159ebuje UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Sta\u010d\u00ed mu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo a podle dosavadn\u00edch poznatk\u016f nevykazuje cytotoxick\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>\n Proto se intenzivn\u011b hledaj\u00ed mo\u017enosti, jak oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd v n\u011bkter\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch nahradit pr\u00e1v\u011b podobn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n Dal\u0161\u00ed oblast\u00ed na\u0161eho v\u00fdzkumu jsou nanomateri\u00e1ly vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed jako vedlej\u0161\u00ed produkty r\u016fzn\u00fdch lidsk\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n Zab\u00fdv\u00e1me se nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010d\u00e1sticemi uvol\u0148ovan\u00fdmi p\u0159i doprav\u011b, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b p\u0159i opot\u0159eben\u00ed brzdov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Zkoum\u00e1me, jak by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 slo\u017eky brzdov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f nahradit bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi alternativami.<\/p>\n V posledn\u00edch letech se intenzivn\u011b v\u011bnujeme tak\u00e9 emis\u00edm vznikaj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159i 3D tisku.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Zm\u00ednila jste emise z 3D tisku. V posledn\u00edch letech si ale st\u00e1le v\u00edce lid\u00ed po\u0159izuje 3D tisk\u00e1rny i dom\u016f. P\u0159edstavuje to n\u011bjak\u00e9 riziko?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Ano, ukazuje se, \u017ee emise prachov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed i p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m 3D tisku z polymern\u00edch filament\u016f nejsou zanedbateln\u00e9.<\/p>\n Dnes u\u017e nen\u00ed v\u00fdjimkou, \u017ee si lid\u00e9 po\u0159\u00edd\u00ed 3D tisk\u00e1rnu dom\u016f a d\u011bti u n\u00ed tr\u00e1v\u00ed dlouh\u00e9 hodiny. Pokud jsou p\u0159itom vystaveny \u010d\u00e1stic\u00edm, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i tisku uvol\u0148uj\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to p\u0159edstavovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 riziko.<\/p>\n I proto se sna\u017e\u00edme komunikovat s v\u00fdrobci 3D tisk\u00e1ren a hledat zp\u016fsoby, jak emise t\u011bchto \u010d\u00e1stic omezit nebo je \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b zachytit je\u0161t\u011b uvnit\u0159 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, aby se nedost\u00e1valy do okoln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n Vedle dom\u00e1c\u00edch tisk\u00e1ren se zab\u00fdv\u00e1me tak\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdmi 3D tisk\u00e1rnami, kter\u00e9 pracuj\u00ed s kovov\u00fdmi pr\u00e1\u0161ky \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad s nerezovou ocel\u00ed nebo slitinami titanu a hlin\u00edku. Ty se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1stek pro automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed nebo zdravotnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161eho v\u00fdzkumu je tak\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdskytu pevn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch a t\u011bln\u00edch tekutin\u00e1ch \u010dlov\u011bka ve vztahu k expozici v pracovn\u00edm i \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n Zam\u011b\u0159ujeme se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na takzvan\u00e1 idiopatick\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, tedy onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina zat\u00edm nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1. Je ale z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee organismus na ur\u010dit\u00e9 podm\u00ednky prost\u0159ed\u00ed n\u011bjak reaguje a my se sna\u017e\u00edme zjistit, jakou roli v tom mohou hr\u00e1t pr\u00e1v\u011b pevn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Existuj\u00ed u\u017e dnes nanotechnologie, kter\u00e9 se b\u011b\u017en\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ve zdravotnictv\u00ed? Nap\u0159\u00edklad nanoroboti nebo nanol\u00e9\u010diva?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Na tuto ot\u00e1zku nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 odpov\u011bd\u011bt.<\/p>\n Ve zdravotnictv\u00ed je v\u017edy pot\u0159eba zohled\u0148ovat bezpe\u010dnost i etick\u00e9 aspekty. Pokud si nejsme jist\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdmi riziky, nelze nov\u00e9 technologie jednodu\u0161e zav\u00e1d\u011bt do praxe.<\/p>\n Jedn\u00edm z prvn\u00edch praktick\u00fdch vyu\u017eit\u00ed bylo p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010div do nanoformy.<\/p>\n L\u00e9\u010divo si zachov\u00e1 sv\u016fj \u00fa\u010dinek, ale d\u00edky nanoform\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt v\u00fdrazn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky.<\/p>\n To m\u00e1 v\u00fdhodu nejen pro samotn\u00e9ho pacienta, ale tak\u00e9 pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. \u010c\u00e1st l\u00e9\u010div toti\u017e organismus nevyu\u017eije a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do odpadn\u00edch vod, kde mohou p\u0159edstavovat dal\u0161\u00ed environment\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n To je vlastn\u011b velk\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda \u2013 men\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed l\u00e9\u010diva m\u016f\u017ee p\u016fsobit p\u0159esn\u011b tam, kde je pot\u0159eba, a m\u00e9n\u011b zat\u011b\u017eovat organismus i \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Na druhou stranu se ale nab\u00edz\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, jestli se t\u00edm neobjevuj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e1 nov\u00e1 rizika, o kter\u00fdch zat\u00edm nev\u00edme.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n To riziko se t\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pevn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic, kter\u00e9 se v organismu nerozpust\u00ed.<\/p>\n Pokud z\u016fstanou v t\u011ble a pouze se p\u0159esouvaj\u00ed mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny nebo tk\u00e1n\u011bmi, m\u016f\u017ee to p\u0159edstavovat probl\u00e9m.<\/p>\n Naopak u rozpustn\u00fdch forem je situace jin\u00e1. Ty se v organismu stejn\u011b rozpust\u00ed, pouze se m\u011bn\u00ed rychlost, s jakou k tomu doch\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Te\u010f bych se r\u00e1da vr\u00e1tila k t\u00e9matu nanon\u00e1st\u0159ik\u016f. U\u017e jsme o n\u011bm spolu n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t mluvily, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 i pro na\u0161e \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e. Posunula se v posledn\u00edch letech situace kolem nanon\u00e1st\u0159ik\u016f ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch nebo \u0161kolk\u00e1ch?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Ano a mus\u00edm \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee z toho m\u00e1m opravdu radost.<\/p>\n Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee se postupn\u011b poda\u0159ilo prosadit n\u00e1zor, \u017ee pokud si nejsme jist\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 technologie, nem\u011bla by b\u00fdt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na tam, kde se pohybuj\u00ed nejcitliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupiny obyvatel \u2013 tedy d\u011bti.<\/p>\n Dnes u\u017e se poda\u0159ilo podobn\u00e9 aplikace prakticky vytla\u010dit z mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol a dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n V sou\u010dasnosti se nanon\u00e1st\u0159iky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e v prost\u0159ed\u00edch, kde mohou m\u00edt v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed tak vysok\u00e9 riziko, nap\u0159\u00edklad v n\u011bkter\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch provozech nebo t\u0159\u00edd\u00edrn\u00e1ch odpadu.<\/p>\n To je podle m\u011b \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1 situace ne\u017e jejich aplikace ve \u0161kolk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Je situace v zahrani\u010d\u00ed stejn\u00e1 jako u n\u00e1s?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zemi.\u00a0V n\u011bkter\u00fdch asijsk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech prob\u00edhaly podobn\u00e9 aplikace pom\u011brn\u011b nekontrolovan\u011b.\u00a0Na druhou stranu nap\u0159\u00edklad z Kanady m\u00e1m zku\u0161enost z komunikace se z\u00e1stupcem jedn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00fd mi p\u0159\u00edmo \u0159ekl, \u017ee do \u0161kol by je s podobnou technologi\u00ed v\u016fbec nepustili.\u00a0V Evrop\u011b obecn\u011b nejsou podobn\u00e9 aplikace p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n U\u017e jsme se spolu bavily o tom, \u017ee by bylo skv\u011bl\u00e9 dostat nanotechnologie v\u00edce do \u0161kol. Pro\u010d si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Jsem r\u00e1da, \u017ee tuto ot\u00e1zku otev\u00edr\u00e1te, proto\u017ee je mi velmi bl\u00edzk\u00e1.\u00a0Jako garantka studijn\u00edho programu Nanotechnologie dlouhodob\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1m, \u017ee problematika nanotechnologi\u00ed a nanomateri\u00e1l\u016f prakticky nen\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fduky na z\u00e1kladn\u00edch ani st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n P\u0159itom jde o obor, kter\u00fd se rozv\u00edj\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b rychle a kter\u00fd lze bez nads\u00e1zky ozna\u010dit za game changer.\u00a0<\/strong>Sta\u010d\u00ed se pod\u00edvat na ud\u00e1losti posledn\u00edch let. A\u0165 u\u017e \u0161lo o pandemii covidu nebo energetickou krizi, pr\u00e1v\u011b nanotechnologie nab\u00eddly \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v \u0159ad\u011b oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b covidu hr\u00e1ly d\u016fle\u017eitou roli n\u011bkter\u00e9 pomocn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 ve vakc\u00edn\u00e1ch. V energetice vznikaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed energie nebo v\u00fdrobu vod\u00edku. Velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 v modern\u00ed elektronice, medic\u00edn\u011b nebo p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji v\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch procesor\u016f.\u00a0Nanotechnologie dnes zasahuj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 do v\u0161ech technick\u00fdch i p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00fdch obor\u016f.<\/p>\n Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je ale i trh pr\u00e1ce. Neust\u00e1le p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 firem, kter\u00e9 s nanomateri\u00e1ly pracuj\u00ed, a bude st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed popt\u00e1vka po odborn\u00edc\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed t\u00e9to problematice rozum\u011bj\u00ed.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Naprosto souhlas\u00edm. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee by bylo skv\u011bl\u00e9 dostat toto t\u00e9ma do \u0161kol \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e formou p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek, v\u00fdukov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f nebo t\u0159eba p\u0159\u00edmo do osnov.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n P\u0159esn\u011b tak. \u010c\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve se studenti s nanotechnologiemi sezn\u00e1m\u00ed, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe budou rozum\u011bt technologi\u00edm, kter\u00e9 u\u017e dnes ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed jejich ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Te\u010f bych se r\u00e1da vr\u00e1tila k oxidu titani\u010dit\u00e9mu. V roce 2022 byl zak\u00e1z\u00e1n v potravin\u00e1ch, ale v kosmetice a l\u00e9\u010divech se st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, i kdy\u017e se z\u00e1rove\u0148 doporu\u010duje hledat vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alternativy. Osobn\u011b si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad zubn\u00ed pasta nebo tableta nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt za ka\u017edou cenu b\u00edl\u00e1. Jak\u00fd je v\u00e1\u0161 pohled?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n To je pom\u011brn\u011b z\u00e1ludn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka.\u00a0Kdyby bylo \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tak jednoduch\u00e9, u\u017e bychom ho d\u00e1vno m\u011bli.\u00a0Oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd je levn\u00fd materi\u00e1l a dlouhou dobu byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za inertn\u00ed. To skute\u010dn\u011b plat\u00ed pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice. Jakmile se ale dost\u00e1v\u00e1me do nanoformy, za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed se objevovat jin\u00e9 vlastnosti a s nimi i mo\u017en\u00e9 negativn\u00ed dopady.<\/p>\n V na\u0161em v\u00fdzkumu jsme nap\u0159\u00edklad nach\u00e1zeli oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd v r\u016fzn\u00fdch lidsk\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch u n\u011bkter\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00edme zjistit, zda m\u016f\u017ee existovat souvislost mezi dlouhodobou expozic\u00ed oxidu titani\u010dit\u00e9ho a n\u011bkter\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, nap\u0159\u00edklad v oblasti tr\u00e1vic\u00edho traktu.<\/p>\n Jednozna\u010dnou odpov\u011b\u010f zat\u00edm nem\u00e1me. Velmi m\u011b ale t\u011b\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee se t\u00e9to problematice za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed v\u011bnovat odborn\u00e9 instituce i legislativa.\u00a0Kdy\u017e jsme se p\u0159ed lety zab\u00fdvali nanon\u00e1st\u0159iky s oxidem titani\u010dit\u00fdm, nebylo v\u016fbec jasn\u00e9, na koho se v t\u00e9to oblasti obr\u00e1tit. Nebylo z\u0159ejm\u00e9, zda jde o problematiku Ministerstva zdravotnictv\u00ed, Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed nebo Ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed.\u00a0Ani legislativa tehdy neposkytovala dostate\u010dnou oporu nap\u0159\u00edklad hygienick\u00fdm stanic\u00edm. I to ukazuje, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o oblast, kter\u00e1 se st\u00e1le vyv\u00edj\u00ed a hled\u00e1 sv\u00e9 jasn\u00e9 ukotven\u00ed.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n U oxidu titani\u010dit\u00e9ho je\u0161t\u011b z\u016fstaneme. Spolu s oxidem zine\u010dnat\u00fdm se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako UV filtr v kosmetice. Pokud je v nanoform\u011b, m\u011blo by b\u00fdt na obalu uvedeno ozna\u010den\u00ed \u201enano\u201c. P\u0159esto se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t, \u017ee nanomateri\u00e1l v t\u011bchto l\u00e1tk\u00e1ch p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd je, i kdy\u017e toto ozna\u010den\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel nenajde. Jak tuto situaci z hlediska bezpe\u010dnosti vn\u00edm\u00e1te?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Podle sou\u010dasn\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch poznatk\u016f zat\u00edm st\u00e1le nen\u00ed jednozna\u010dn\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, zda nano\u010d\u00e1stice t\u011bchto l\u00e1tek pronikaj\u00ed p\u0159es neporu\u0161enou poko\u017eku.<\/p>\n Jednotliv\u00e9 studie se v tomto sm\u011bru li\u0161\u00ed a v\u00fdsledky ovliv\u0148uje cel\u00e1 \u0159ada faktor\u016f. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad na v\u011bku \u010dlov\u011bka, na m\u00edst\u011b aplikace nebo na stavu poko\u017eky.<\/p>\n Je rozd\u00edl, pokud opalovac\u00edm kr\u00e9mem nama\u017eeme mal\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b v oblasti obli\u010deje, kde je k\u016f\u017ee ten\u010d\u00ed, nebo dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka na z\u00e1dech. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 z t\u011bchto situac\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje jin\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n Za velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ale pova\u017euji to, \u017ee dnes u\u017e je spot\u0159ebitel o p\u0159\u00edtomnosti nanomateri\u00e1l\u016f informov\u00e1n. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety tomu tak nebylo.<\/p>\n Byla bych r\u00e1da, kdyby se lid\u00e9 o tyto informace aktivn\u011b zaj\u00edmali. Nesta\u010d\u00ed pouze to, \u017ee v\u00fdrobce spln\u00ed svou povinnost uv\u00e9st p\u0159\u00edtomnost nanoobjekt\u016f ve slo\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdrobku. Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, aby spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bli, co toto ozna\u010den\u00ed znamen\u00e1, a p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru v\u00fdrobk\u016f s t\u011bmito informacemi pracovali.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Od roku 2025 plat\u00ed nov\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zakazuje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dvan\u00e1cti nanomateri\u00e1l\u016f v kosmetice. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u011bkter\u00e9 formy nanos\u0159\u00edbra, nanom\u011bdi nebo nanozlata. V\u011bt\u0161inou jde o l\u00e1tky, u kter\u00fdch nem\u00e1me dostatek dat nebo existuje podez\u0159en\u00ed na genotoxicitu \u010di imunotoxicitu. P\u0159ipad\u00e1 v\u00e1m tento p\u0159\u00edstup rozumn\u00fd, nebo jde podle v\u00e1s o p\u0159\u00edli\u0161nou opatrnost?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n J\u00e1 jsem za tento v\u00fdvoj opravdu r\u00e1da.\u00a0Kdy\u017e jsem se za\u010dala problematice nanobezpe\u010dnosti v\u011bnovat p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed patn\u00e1cti lety, \u010dasto jsem sl\u00fdchala n\u00e1zory, \u017ee brzd\u00edm rozvoj nanotechnologi\u00ed.<\/p>\n Dnes se ale ukazuje, \u017ee vedle zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed mohou m\u00edt n\u011bkter\u00e9 nanomateri\u00e1ly tak\u00e9 sv\u00e9 negativn\u00ed str\u00e1nky.\u00a0Zm\u00ednila jste genotoxicitu a mutagenitu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b u n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e1tek upozor\u0148uj\u00ed odborn\u00edci na to, \u017ee jejich \u00fa\u010dinek m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt bezprahov\u00fd. Jin\u00fdmi slovy \u2013 nemus\u00ed existovat d\u00e1vka, kterou bychom mohli ozna\u010dit za zcela bezpe\u010dnou.<\/p>\n Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto jsem r\u00e1da, \u017ee se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto nanomateri\u00e1l\u016f v n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u00edch omezuje.\u00a0V \u0159ad\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f toti\u017e nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos. Pokud slou\u017e\u00ed pouze k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho vizu\u00e1ln\u00edho efektu, nap\u0159\u00edklad v dekorativn\u00ed kosmetice, pak podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru zbyte\u010dn\u011b podstupujeme riziko, kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed vyv\u00e1\u017eeno v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ednosem.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e u\u017e jsme u p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed nanotechnologi\u00ed \u2013 za\u017eila jste v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b n\u011bjak\u00fd skute\u010dn\u00fd \u201ewow moment\u201c?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Ano, jeden m\u011b zaujal opravdu hodn\u011b. Ned\u00e1vno jsem \u010detla \u010dl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd souvisel s v\u00fdzkumem nanoplast\u016f. Kolegov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00fdvojem mikrorobot\u016f, p\u0159edstavili zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9 na magnetotaktick\u00fdch bakteri\u00edch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Tyto bakterie obsahuj\u00ed uvnit\u0159 bun\u011bk magnetick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice, d\u00edky nim\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 je \u0159\u00edzen\u011b ovl\u00e1dat. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se je sna\u017e\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt k zachyt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mikroplast\u016f a nanoplast\u016f ve vodn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed.\u00a0To byl pro m\u011b skute\u010dn\u00fd \u201ewow moment\u201c. Fascinuje m\u011b, \u017ee lze propojit biologii, nanotechnologie a ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed do jednoho funk\u010dn\u00edho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n To je vlastn\u011b \u201ewow moment\u201c i pro m\u011b. M\u00e1 u\u017e tento v\u00fdzkum n\u011bjak\u00e9 praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed, nebo je zat\u00edm pouze ve f\u00e1zi laboratorn\u00edch studi\u00ed?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Na to nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jednoduch\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f. Teprve nyn\u00ed toti\u017e za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me zji\u0161\u0165ovat, kde v\u0161ude mohou mikroplasty a nanoplasty p\u0159edstavovat probl\u00e9m. D\u0159\u00edve jsme je spojovali hlavn\u011b s oce\u00e1ny nebo sladkovodn\u00edmi ekosyst\u00e9my. Dnes u\u017e ale v\u00edme, \u017ee se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed tak\u00e9 v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed \u2013 dokonce ve v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch n\u011bkolika kilometr\u016f nad zem\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se mohou \u0161\u00ed\u0159it na velmi dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti a dost\u00e1vat se do prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde bychom je je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety v\u016fbec neo\u010dek\u00e1vali.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Zm\u00ednila jste, \u017ee mikroplasty a nanoplasty nach\u00e1z\u00edme na st\u00e1le v\u00edce m\u00edstech. \u010cemu se v t\u00e9to oblasti aktu\u00e1ln\u011b v\u011bnujete?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n V sou\u010dasnosti se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sna\u017e\u00edme naj\u00edt vhodnou kombinaci analytick\u00fdch metod pro jejich detekci a charakterizaci. Nanoplasty jsou toti\u017e velmi specifick\u00e9. Jsou organick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 extr\u00e9mn\u011b mal\u00e9, tak\u017ee nelze pou\u017e\u00edt stejn\u00e9 analytick\u00e9 metody jako u v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch nebo anorganick\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic.\u00a0<\/p>\n P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me tak\u00e9, \u017ee pokud jsme jim dlouhodob\u011b vystaveni, mohou se v organismu ukl\u00e1dat.\u00a0V minulosti jsme se zab\u00fdvali v\u00fdskytem mikroplast\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00edch a t\u011bln\u00edch tekutin\u00e1ch. Nyn\u00ed chceme v\u00fdzkum posunout d\u00e1l a zam\u011b\u0159it se pr\u00e1v\u011b na je\u0161t\u011b men\u0161\u00ed \u2013 nanometrick\u00e9 \u2013 \u010d\u00e1stice.\u00a0Pr\u00e1v\u011b ty toti\u017e maj\u00ed schopnost p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat biologick\u00e9 bari\u00e9ry.<\/p>\n Po vdechnut\u00ed mohou proniknout p\u0159es plicn\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148 do krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se dostat prakticky do jak\u00e9hokoli org\u00e1nu nebo tk\u00e1n\u011b. Proto je pro n\u00e1s d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zjistit, kde se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed, jak se v organismu chovaj\u00ed a jak\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n Na\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem je nejprve vyvinout spolehliv\u00e9 metody jejich anal\u00fdzy a n\u00e1sledn\u011b je vyu\u017e\u00edt p\u0159i v\u00fdzkumu vybran\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed a t\u011bln\u00edch tekutin.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Jak je to s nanotechnologiemi z pohledu odpadov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed? Mohou recyklaci pom\u00e1hat, nebo ji naopak komplikovat?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n P\u0159izn\u00e1m se, \u017ee tato oblast nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159edm\u011btem m\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, ale lze na ni nahl\u00ed\u017eet ze dvou r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00fahl\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n Prvn\u00edm je p\u0159\u00edtomnost nanomateri\u00e1l\u016f ve v\u00fdrobc\u00edch, kter\u00e9 po skon\u010den\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u017eivotnosti kon\u010d\u00ed jako odpad. Pak je pot\u0159eba \u0159e\u0161it nap\u0159\u00edklad to, jak s nimi nakl\u00e1dat p\u0159i spalov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo jin\u00fdch zp\u016fsobech zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu a zda jsou sou\u010dasn\u00e9 technologie schopn\u00e9 zachytit anorganick\u00e9 nano\u010d\u00e1stice tak, aby se znovu neuvol\u0148ovaly do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Druh\u00fd pohled je ale velmi pozitivn\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 odpady mohou slou\u017eit jako v\u00fdchoz\u00ed surovina pro v\u00fdrobu nov\u00fdch nanomateri\u00e1l\u016f. Lze je vyu\u017e\u00edt nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b nano\u010d\u00e1stic saz\u00ed, grafenu nebo uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch nanotrubi\u010dek. I odpad se tedy m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t cennou surovinou pro vznik modern\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme se ke konci na\u0161eho rozhovoru. Je n\u011bco, co podle v\u00e1s je\u0161t\u011b nezazn\u011blo a co byste cht\u011bla na\u0161im \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm p\u0159edat?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n R\u00e1da bych zd\u016fraznila jednu d\u016fle\u017eitou my\u0161lenku.\u00a0B\u011bhem rozhovoru jsme mluvili jak o p\u0159\u00ednosech nanotechnologi\u00ed, tak o jejich mo\u017en\u00fdch rizic\u00edch. Cht\u011bla bych ale \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee nanotechnologie samy o sob\u011b nejsou ani dobr\u00e9, ani \u0161patn\u00e9.\u00a0Pokud jsou spr\u00e1vn\u011b navr\u017eeny a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny s dostate\u010dn\u00fdmi znalostmi, mohou b\u00fdt v\u00fdborn\u00fdm sluhou. Pokud se ale vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed bez dostate\u010dn\u00e9 odbornosti a bez pochopen\u00ed jejich vlastnost\u00ed, mohou b\u00fdt zl\u00fdm p\u00e1nem.\u00a0<\/p>\n Student\u016fm to \u010dasto p\u0159irovn\u00e1v\u00e1m k automobilu.\u00a0Automobil m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt skv\u011bl\u00fdm pomocn\u00edkem, ale tak\u00e9 nebezpe\u010dnou zbran\u00ed. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, jak s n\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bk zach\u00e1z\u00ed. Proto existuje auto\u0161kola, pravidla silni\u010dn\u00edho provozu nebo bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed p\u00e1sy. V\u00edme, \u017ee bychom nem\u011bli \u0159\u00eddit pod vlivem alkoholu a \u017ee bychom m\u011bli pou\u017e\u00edvat zimn\u00ed pneumatiky. V\u0161echna tato opat\u0159en\u00ed pom\u00e1haj\u00ed rizika minimalizovat.<\/p>\n Stejn\u00e9 je to i u nanotechnologi\u00ed.\u00a0Na\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem nen\u00ed jejich rozvoj brzdit. Naopak. Chceme co nejl\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt jejich vlastnostem, pojmenovat mo\u017en\u00e1 rizika a hledat zp\u016fsoby, jak je co nejv\u00edce sn\u00ed\u017eit.<\/p>\n Velmi m\u011b t\u011b\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee se sou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj st\u00e1le v\u00edce ub\u00edr\u00e1 sm\u011brem k udr\u017eiteln\u00fdm nanotechnologi\u00edm<\/strong> (green nanotechnology nebo sustainable nanotechnology).<\/p>\n St\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed materi\u00e1ly biologick\u00e9ho nebo p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho p\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n P\u0159\u00edkladem je nanocelul\u00f3za<\/strong>, nanochitin<\/strong>, kter\u00fd se p\u0159irozen\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve schr\u00e1nk\u00e1ch m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161\u016f nebo krun\u00fd\u0159\u00edch kor\u00fd\u0161\u016f, nebo nanohydroxyapatit<\/strong>, jen\u017e je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161ich kost\u00ed a zub\u016f. Pr\u00e1v\u011b ten m\u00e1 velk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b zlomenin nebo zubn\u00edho kazu.<\/p>\n Dne\u0161n\u00ed nanotechnologie u\u017e tedy nejsou pouze o oxidu titani\u010dit\u00e9m nebo nanost\u0159\u00edbru. St\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz se klade na materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 jsou biologicky kompatibiln\u00ed a \u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k \u010dlov\u011bku i k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pokud se takov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly dostanou do \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed takov\u00e9 riziko jako n\u011bkter\u00e9 anorganick\u00e9 nano\u010d\u00e1stice?<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n P\u0159esn\u011b tak.\u00a0Pokud dojde k jejich \u00faniku do \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, zpravidla nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed takovou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e jako n\u011bkter\u00e9 anorganick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 se v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u011b nevyskytuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“dd44a80f-e178-438e-ae1f-7d2385f28960″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n Pan\u00ed profesorko, d\u011bkuji v\u00e1m za rozhovor. Bylo to nesm\u00edrn\u011b inspirativn\u00ed pov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee na\u0161im \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pom\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9pe pochopit, co v\u0161echno se za pojmem nanotechnologie skr\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.23″ _module_preset=“c1471b09-4a99-4ba4-a621-4bad6a5e9619″ theme_builder_area=“post_content“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″]<\/p>\n J\u00e1 d\u011bkuji za pozv\u00e1n\u00ed i za mo\u017enost p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit tento obor \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti. Popularizace v\u011bdy je podle m\u011b velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 a jsem r\u00e1da, \u017ee jsme mohli o nanotechnologi\u00edch mluvit pr\u00e1v\u011b touto formou.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" S nanomateri\u00e1ly se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me v kosmetice, l\u00e9\u010divech i modern\u00edch technologi\u00edch. Kde mohou pom\u00e1hat, jak\u00e1 rizika je pot\u0159eba hl\u00eddat a pro\u010d se dnes hledaj\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29763,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[230,94],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[161],"yoast_head":"\n